ROLE OF ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
What is ATP ???
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is an ester of adenosine and triphosphoric acid that formed aerobically by the reaction of ADP and orthophosphate during the oxidation process. Besides, ATP also produced by the interaction of ADP and phosphocreatine or other substance.
ATP will act as source of energy for physiological reaction that happen in our body especially in muscle contraction.
- transports the chemical energy within the cells for metabolism.
ATP consists of three phosphate groups, ribose and adenine.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is an ester of adenosine and triphosphoric acid that formed aerobically by the reaction of ADP and orthophosphate during the oxidation process. Besides, ATP also produced by the interaction of ADP and phosphocreatine or other substance.
ATP will act as source of energy for physiological reaction that happen in our body especially in muscle contraction.
- transports the chemical energy within the cells for metabolism.
ATP consists of three phosphate groups, ribose and adenine.
How ATP is important ?
ATP have a great role in the muscle which they comes from different biochemical system :
1. Phosphagen system - The muscle cells contain a high-energy phosphate compound called creatine phosphate to replenish the ATP levels quickly. Enzyme called creatine kinase remove the phosphate group and it is transferred to ADP to produce ATP. - The cells convert the ATP into ADP, and the phosphate rapidly converted ADP back into ATP. When the muscle works, the creatine phosphate levels decrease. Both of this Atp levels and creatine phosphate levels are known as phosphagen system where it can supply the energy that needed for the muscles to do a work. 2. Glycogen-lactic acid system - Glycogen is the complex carbohydrate in the muscle where as it can split into glucose because glycogen is a chain of glucose molecules. - Anaerobic metabolism is use by the cell to produce the ATP and lactic acid as a byproduct. - This system does not need oxygen, because the heart and lungs are act together. - The muscle also contracting rapidly to squeezes off its own blood vessels, depriving itself of oxygen-rich blood - However, when the lactic acids builds up in the muscle tissue, it will causes the fatigue and soreness during exercising the muscle. 3. Aerobic respiration - The process of breaking down the glucose into carbon dioxide and the water in the present of oxygen. -Glucose present in three different places : i) Remaining glycogen supplies in the muscle ii) Breaking down of liver's glycogen into glucose iii)Absorption of glucose from the food in the intestine - Fatty acids from the muscle also used in this respiration as it can produce the ATP. - In extreme condition, the protein also can be broken down into an amino acids and used to make ATP. - If necessary, the carbohydrates is use first, then fats and lastly proteins. |